Dear eFindings subscriber, Welcome to the monthly issue of eFindings. In response to feedback from subscribers, eFindings reports are now available in HTML and PDF versions. To view the PDF reports, download Adobe Acrobat Reader ===> http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html. 1. Findings 268: On “Inequality Traps” and Development Policy
written by Vijayendra Rao
There are inequalities in the world, among individuals and among groups, that get reproduced across generations. In the World Development Report 2006 these are referred to as “inequality traps.” But how does an inequality trap differ from a poverty trap? Speaking a little facetiously—if a poverty trap describes a situation where “the poor are poor because the poor are poor,” an inequality trap would say that “the poor are poor because the rich are rich.” Vijayendra Rao examines the phenomenon of "inequality traps,” which he describes as “situations where…dimensions of inequality (in wealth, power, and social status) interact to protect the rich from downward mobility, and to prevent the poor from being upwardly mobile.” http://www.worldbank.org/afr/findings/english/find268.htm (HTML)
http://www.worldbank.org/afr/findings/english/find268.pdf (PDF)
2. Infobrief 130: Tanzania: River Basin Management and Smallholder Irrigation Improvement project
This Infobrief was excerpted from Implementation Completion Report No. 30929 Tanzania’s ability to manage scarce water resources became a national issue in the early to mid-1990s. New opportunities in agriculture, and the greater demand for water for irrigation and hydropower, together with the long dry season and several years of less-than-average rainfall, contributed to water scarcity and conflicts, while the lack of information on water quantity and quality, and an inadequate framework for tackling cross-sectoral water issues severely constrained sustainable water resource management. In Tanzania, irrigation and hydropower account for 99% of all abstractions in the Rufiji and Pangani basins, with hydropower located downstream of irrigated areas and urban water abstraction points. http://www.worldbank.org/afr/findings/infobeng/infob130.htm (HTML)
http://www.worldbank.org/afr/findings/infobeng/infob130.pdf (PDF)
3. IK Notes 98: Transferring an Indigenous Practice for Soil Improvement: Cattle Manure with Groundnut Shells
written by Drs. V.Maruthi and K. Srinivas Soil fertility never used to be a major constraint due to the age-old practices of recycling agricultural residues. However, in these days of inorganic fertilizers and quick returns, the problem of soil management and its related constraints are surfacing. In this context, indigenous practices related to soil and water conservation, or resource-conserving technologies need to be documented in a systematic way and also analyzed and introduced to potential new areas. Preparation of valuable manure from groundnut shells spread on the floor of the cattle shed is one such indigenous practice followed by farmers of Anantapur district in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTINDKNOWLEDGE/Resources/iknt98.htm (HTML)
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTINDKNOWLEDGE/Resources/iknt98.pdf (PDF)
To learn more about Africa Region informal publications and development periodicals, visit the Africa Region Publications Database with over 435 listings. Major features include search capabilities by Country, Sector, Author and Keywords === > http://www4.worldbank.org/afr/pubs/index.cfm Please feel free to send your suggestions/comments on how to improve eFindings and related products. See past issues and publications: Africa Region Publications ===> http://www.worldbank.org/afr/pubs.htm Findings and Infobriefs ===> http://www.worldbank.org/afr/findings IK Notes ===> http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/AFRICAEXT/
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